Gravity and Planetary Motion - 题库网 (tiku.one)

1#

08.19: Kepler’s Second Law about “sweeping )jw;bcq n35jh ,ib6qqza/d u1 out equal areas in equal time” can be derived most directly from which consezqn;u1hij/ d 6 3bbw )aq,qj5crvation law?

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2#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

16.17:“All planets in the solar system follow elliptical orbits with the Sunqrzng,w6 n)yo v5c1e8 located at one focus of the ellipse.” This sy 81n vgcrw,6)ze n5qotatement is best summarized by which one of the following choices?

A. Kepler’s First Law

B. Kepler’s Second Law

C. Newton’s Universal Law of Gravitation

D. Einstein’s Law of Gravity

E. Schwarzchild’s Law of Orbits

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3#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

99.21: What happens to the force of gravitational attry*ppc.6 j n/buaction between two small objects if the mass of each objecyubn c/ *.ppj6t is doubled and the distance between their centers is doubled?

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4#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

95.09 Two spherical bodies av gfs4rb0wuc 0f(c58l pxbb9/ttract each other with a gravitational force of 4.0 N. Wfwxl/b pv9rgubb4( 800sfc c5 hat will be the force if the distance between them is doubled?

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5#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

14.27: Two spherical, non-rotating planets1y7xi1 x *iomg, X andY, have the same uniform density. Planet Xiym1 7xi1*go x has twice the radius of Planet Y. Let $g_x$ and $g_y$ represent the accelerations due to gravity at the surfaces of Planet X and Planet Y, respectively. What is the ratio of $g_x:g_y$?

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6#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

16.46 Two spherical, non-rotating planets,yy e/z1 1p*wxt44wjoa:(j wkm X and Y, have the same uniform density. Planet X has twice the radius oxz4k4 w1/:mjj(wy p oy weat1*f Planet Y. Let $v_x$ and $v_y$ represent the escape speed at the surfaces of Planet X and Planet Y, respectively. What is the ratio of $v_x:v_y$?

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7#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

01.16: The mass of a planet can be calculated if it is orbited by4k8o(jw ktg 3j; gv-zh a small satellite by setting the gravitational force on the satellite equal to the (o-jw3jhgkv4 ; 8kt gzcentripetal force on the satellite. Which of the following would NOT be required in this calculation?

A. the mass of the satellite

B. the radius of the satellite's orbit

C. the period of the satellite's orbit

D. Newton's universal gravitational constant

E. all of the above are required for this calculation

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8#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

99.11: Assume that the Earth attracts John Glenn*pvs:l0v/ hm s cye mdrx5i.ou.*1 ff2 with a gravitational force F at the surface of the Earth. When he made his famous second flight in or s1r* 0lmcv.ves2yf. uph mof/*x:id 5bit, the gravitational force on John Glenn while he was in orbit was closest to which of the following?

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9#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

14.30: Considering only the Moon-Earth system (ignore any influence of thk9q6w ,z m5gfvd2+p 7o g q4yxeb3huv,e Sun), which one of the following best expresses the magnitude of the Moon’s accelerati2x+hv5 uoq mqbw k9d,7 63fv4zggype, on about the Earth?

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10#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

02.19: As a rocket blasts away from the earth ue 8uy*.jkte e: xm8n-with a cargo for the international space station, which of ujeu 8m8n- xtey:.ke* the following graphs would best represent the gravitational force on the cargo versus distance from the surface of the Earth?

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11#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

99.33: One object at the surface of the Moon experiences the same g2 hts1 rz+rz s25fjq07giirl50pve a+ ravitational force as a second object at the surface of the Earth. Which of the following wlzse+t2p550vrq ih70az gr sfir 2j+1 ould be a reasonable conclusion?

A. both objects would fall at the same acceleration

B. the object on the Moon has the greater mass

C. the object on the Earth has the greater mass

D. both objects have identical masses

E. the object on Earth has a greater mass but the Earth has a greater rate of rotation.

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12#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

00.24 Consider an objectw*vq3r v l/ c1 y14(yjrcw4poj that has a mass, m, and a weight, W, at the surface of the moon. If we assume the moon has a nearly uniform density, which of the following would be closest to the object’s mass and weigvl4jcpv *1rw(rwyjo /qc 1 34yht at a distance halfway between Moon’s center and its surface?

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13#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

96.23: A hypothetical planet has seven timcg scbi1-k v0f vn -+8g:lwl+oes the mass of Earth and twice the radius of Earth. The magnitude of the gravitational acceleration fvc gvn0-+ol :+lsk8cgiw1-bat the surface of this planet is most nearly:

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14#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

98.24: A planet has a radius one-half that of Earth and a 0hhfj3; -onlbmass one-fifth the Earth’s masj0o n-lh 3;hbfs. The gravitational acceleration at the surface of the planet is most nearly

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15#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

08.38: Akg 1200 satellite orbits Planet d x;).mz 5c8ljgvlbfdtx;utf f) 6()lX in a circular orbit with a constant speed of 5,000m/s. The radius of orbit is 7,500,000 m. What is the magnitude of the gravitt ;cdx)5fut()ffm ).z;bv glx8ldl6j ational force exerted on the satellite by Planet X?

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16#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

94.34: A hypothetical planet orbits a star pm+l8 k6m6b;9jxnd juwith mass one-half the mass of our sun. The planet’s orbital radius is the same as the Earth’s. Approximately how many Earth years does it take for the planet to complete m6dp6+m 9j;8xlb uj knone orbit?

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17#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

97.12: Two artificial satellites, 1 and 2, are put in6nfd0wq jqu4;to circular orbit at the same altitude a 0uj;4d fwnq6qbove Earth’s surface. The mass of satellite 2 is twice the mass of satellite 1. If the period of satellite 1 is T, what is the period of satellite 2?

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18#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

15.22 Satellite 1 makes a circular orbit arounu2r4qwn+f d: krwkiz7apjw,4)h- kd o,u/uw.d the Earth with a radius $r_1= R$. Satellite 2 makes a circular orbit around the Earth with a radius $r_2= 2R$. We let v represent the speed of a satellite and a represent the magnitude of a satellite’s acceleration. Which one of the following choices gives the correct relation between the speeds and accelerations of the satellites?

A. $v_2=\frac{1}{\sqrt{2}}v_1,a_2=\frac{1}{4}a_1$

B. $v_2=\frac{1}{2}v_1,a_2=\frac{1}{4}a_1$

C. $v_2=\frac{1}{\sqrt{2}}v_1,a_2=\frac{1}{2}a_1$

D. $v_2=\frac{1}{2}v_1,a_2=\frac{1}{2}a_1$

E. $v_2=v_1,a_2=\frac{1}{2}a_1$

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19#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

98.33: In the following problem, the word “vc r 1 r8wynqhfx7;0+zweight” refers to the force a scale registers. If the Earth q vr0z7n 8h+1c;ywfx rwere to stop rotating, but not change shape,

A. the weight of an object at the equator would increase.

B. the weight of an object at the equator would decrease.

C. the weight of an object at the north pole would increase.

D. the weight of an object at the north pole would decrease.

E. all objects on Earth would become weightless.

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20#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

10.42: A comet moves in an elliptical orbit arou yofj(u l7y3:btt+o q0nd the sun. As the comet moves from aphelion (the point on the orbit farthest from the sun) to p qltooujf(0:7by y+3 terihelion (the point on the orbit closest to the sun), which of the following results is true?

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21#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

17.48: In the binary star system shown, the two stars follow+o1(lbs nyu 1 )djm8xu circular orbits about the system’s center of mass. The stars are separated by a distance D that is large compared to their size and are subject only to their mutual gravitational attraction. The orbital period of the star of mass M is T. Which one of the following choices represents the total mass of the binary star syst 8l us (jumdnyo11x+b)em?

A. $\frac{π^{2}D^{3}}{5GT^{2}}$

B. $\frac{4π^{2}D^{3}}{5GT^{2}}$

C. $\frac{4π^{2}D^{3}}{GT^{2}}$

D. $\frac{16π^{2}D^{3}}{5GT^{2}}$

E. $\frac{25π^{2}D^{3}}{4GT^{2}}$

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22#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

06.50: A rocket is in a c4.o2 fjr5a3zhjjhw b9ircular orbit with speed vand orbital radius R around a heavy stationary mass. An external impulse is quickly applied to the rocket directly opposite to the velocity and the rocket’s speed is slowed to v/2, putting the rocket into an elliptical orbit. In terms of R, the size of the semi-jjbwh o3zhr.29fa45 j major axis a of this new elliptical orbit is

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