Which of Newton's laws best explains why motorists should b( )v/(xp8j0 o)ov h tjz a5-l7prq/x+wbyyuck uckle-up?

  When you sit on a chair, the resultant force on you is2s0 ;ydiofsyxbe/k. -z) sws:

  In the absence of an external force, a moving objn 7mxze34lzy :w +(hccect will

  When the rocket engines on the starship NO-PAIN-NO-GAz24ig9x kl2.um2lb b nIN are suddenly turned off, while traveling in empty spl 4.2mngbki2z9x ul 2bace, the starship will

  A rocket moves through empty space in a straight line witbfomn2e3v j ,*pk.+*q9oaqyc6 q.vl uh constant speed. It is far from the gravitational effect of any star or planet. Under these conditions, the force *bqnvquov ya*.,39+kql ojec 6p. mf2that must be applied to the rocket in order to sustain its motion is

  You are standing in a moving bus, facing forward, and you suddenly fall fk rj*(m mr/8sey)q3zp w o4qb-orward. You can imply fr bk4mry38z-s(pmq/ewq*rj o ) om this that the bus's

  You are standing in a moving bus, facing for/pmza 0 .2soparyb-2 wward, and you suddenly fall forward as the bus comes to an immediate stop. What force caused you to fapmrp2by/2s0 o aw-az.ll forward?

  A constant net force acts on an objectmsxslh 3oe/t)2c * x k/t/dzv:. Describe the motion of the object.

  The acceleration of an o *u8upn,7+qzq z vba7rbject is inversely proportional to

  A net force F accelerates a mass m with an accelerat qry 7(eppp8)nion a. If the same net force is applied to mass 2m, then y7pqn8rpe)( pthe acceleration will be

  A net force F acts on a mass m and produces an acceleration a. 7f5. fstu-31 rywjzktWhat acceleration results if a net force 2F f.twj5 17kyfur-s3tzacts on mass 4m?

  If you blow up a balloon, and then release it, the balloon will -; lr-se3fpn pfly away. This is sr-l;f ne3pp-an illustration of

  Two cars collide head-on. At every moment during the collision, the magni-7yympi p0fa:tude of tp7- pa :0ymyifhe force the first car exerts on the second is exactly equal to the magnitude of the force the second car exerts on the first. This is an example of

  If you exert a force kj u+.r95uh*1oiq nsi F on an object, the force which the object exerts on you winij1*5 i9+.roksquuhll

  Action-reaction force4o1 t mzj5+iiei 7q0bxtoq4w +v( mwp3s

  Action-reaction forcbm2d trm4mf;hzsl i7)pc.j */es are

  A 20-ton truck collides with a 1500/z82nc t8to hd-lb car and causes a lot of damage to the car. Since a lot of 8t8ch/z d t2nodamage is done on the car

  An object of mass m sits oa+ozfgry+)q, e b)9 2nn0 zvwo:i -y7xnare+kn a flat table. The Earth pulls on this object with fnoe )++wayzer ni k9g,xay7z onr)0 vb:+q-2force mg, which we will call the action force. What is the reaction force?

  A child's toy is susp ncnnk5yz . *k-rai9l3ended from the ceiling by means of a string. The Earth pulls downward on the toy with its weight force of 8.0 N. I3rznck. y n-a9i n*kl5f this is the "action force," what is the "reaction force"?

  Your bat hits the ball pitched to yo 1)juc:3+ opm 1yweuamu with a 1500-N instantaneous force. The ball hits the bat with an instantaneous force, whose magnitude is +:mupay131 cm u)wejo

State Newton's three laws. kz/eg03,0zhgpkjh /t

  Mass and weight

  The acceleration due to gravi6*(v:v l ubac:h cc7 xn3bhj9oty is lower on the Moon than on Earth. Which of the following is true about the mass :*nca:vc bhj 3u(6c79lx bvho and weight of an astronaut on the Moon's surface, compared to Earth?

  An example of a force which acts at a divf 21xao:5s vvroax6 8stance is

  Who has a greater weight to mass ratio,g 7i97y9 ,,q4+foag c.gqhr cjkg.yei a person weighing 400 N or a person weig4gohg9r. ,yg.afykci+, 77iqjge c 9 qhing 600 N?

  A stone is thrown straight up. At the top of its path, the net ohe:nq a uw-g 4ip,)e( qh.mwi*l- 1avforce acting on it i):a1glq ev a.wo4uhpeiw-,*hm( -nq is

  A 20-N weight and a 5.0-N weightgyx5e+yg 3ya8hk ,3 yn are dropped simultaneously from the same height. Ignore air resistyna83hg,+ye5g kx3yyance. Compare their accelerations.

  A brick and a feather fall to uo ((rwm21ssu the earth at their respective terminal velocities. Which object experiencemw(ruu1 o(2 sss the greater force of air friction?

  An object of mass m is hangwgjtb7/od ) *aing by a string from the ceiling of an elevator. The elevator g tj7o b)*ad/wis moving up at constant speed. What is the tension in the string?

  An object of mass m is hanging by a string from the ceiling of ja*c/qmf4psz +h )f4m an elevator. The elevator is moving upward, but slowingj )ff+/4 spzhmq*acm4 down. What is the tension in the string?

  The force that keeps you from sliding on an icy sidoawl3i:k .k0vw u;gdp ..s1cyewalk is

  It's more difficult to start moving a heavy arxrx 7;sqh/:3t1 q.a nirf6acarton from rest than it is to keep pushing it with constant velocity6 irxa.n 71faqta qrh;x/3r:s , because

  A horizontal force accelerates a box from rest ad ,tu54,ylijq vdoh.+yl,; gtcross a horizontal surface (frict5+d,tl,j; ov,.ylt hiyqdu 4gion is present) at a constant rate. The experiment is repeated, and all conditions remain the same with the exception that the horizontal force is doubled. What happens to the box's acceleration?

  A packing crate slides down an inclinwg q73:fdz g e j-9/,u8hp4ukmc zrk;ced ramp at constant velocity. Thus we can deducek 9hquck3 gzgmfc;r,jpe-/:87w4 duz that

  A block of mass M slimsu xo; :gl3b-nf6x:fdes down a frictionless plane inclined at an angle q with the horizontal. The normal reaction foln:-63ofu fsgxm;:b xrce exerted by the plane on the block is

  A block of mass M slides down a frictionless plane incline9h7)x j pltnm,.qtuma;d aok0h9(wq8k-s +zvd at an angle q with the horizontaat9;toxqa,dhkm j ( z8.unp9k+v 7hwmslq -0)l. The normal reaction force exerted by the plane on the block is directed

  A block of mass M slides down a f)x 9 bobo5oql,rictionless plane inclined at an angle q with the x9ob5l o, obq)horizontal. The gravitational force is directed

  Two toy cars (16 kg and 2.0 kg) are released simultaneously on aws( ;xmua1 ,;7(hhxf m8yvxh on inclined plane that makes an angle of 30e with the horizontal. Make a statement which best describes their acceleration a;vfa(h1xm y ( shm7ux8h;,xwo fter being released.

  An object sits on a frictionless surface. A 16-N force is a+8qy 1 aew/:tnye gt68,jevxwmn h+i4pplied to the object, and ae6+1xjy ,t 8iygwq84 eh/ven m+nw t:it accelerates at $2.0 \; m/s^2$. What is the mass of the object?

  A sports car of mass 1000 kg can accelerate from rest to 27 m/7q)rwwyz do5r ag6vy490ya ,9vc f.sus in 7.0 s. What is the96yvos zvwcq0r g ya.7w4fadyr)9,u 5 average forward force on the car?

  Starting from rest, a 4.0-kg body reaches a speed of 8.0 m/s in 2.0. :2. ; jrfxwdzk4vbpm s. What is the net for: m j .pdr.;wkfx2vz4bce acting on the body?

  An antitank weapon fires a 3.00-kg rocket which acquires a speed k/*hy ,zjfs,- qkxnu1of 50.0 m/s after travelisn x,*z, /qhf-1ky jkung
90.0 cm down a launching tube. Assuming the rocket was accelerated uniformly, what is the average force acted on it?

  If you push a 4.0-kg mass with the same force that you push a 10-kg m6 mxxquz(l l.)ass from rest,ux.q 6ml( xlz)

  What is the mass of a person who jc*l3 3h+unk(pz3hox weighs 110 lb?

  What is the mass of an object thase(t((- hx dant weighs 250 N on the surface of the Earth where the acceleration due to ga ( (desht-(xnravity is $9.80 \; m/s^2$?

  An object has a mass of 60 kg on the Earth. r2h(gh 7b9 9u: qxmc+0i:no,odgx hldWhat is the mass of the object on the surface of the Moon where the acceleration due to gravity is only 27giloxh cuhhd0(xqom:, g9 +9r:db n 1/6 of that on the Earth?

  Object A weighs 40 N on Earth, d dj8 zpt-*5-afvp7ygand object B weighs 40 N on the Moon. The Moon's gravity is one sixth*fzdd8t-75j-p yav pg of Earth's. Compare the masses of the objects.

  Sue and Sean are having a tug-of-war by pulling on opposite endspsny60pcmvf- 7 m6ff9 of a 5.0-kg rope. Sue pulls with a 15-N force. Whayf6nf0fp sp-vm9 67c mt is Sean's force if the rope accelerates toward Sue at $2.0 \; m/s^2$?

  A stack of books rests on a level frictionless surface. A force F acts o;+quk9;(2ljx mhp xdcn the st lh;p+ xq;ucj(mdx9k2 ack, and it accelerates at $3.0 \; m/s^2$. A 1.0 kg book is then added to the stack. The same force is applied, and now the stack accelerates at $2.0 \; m/s^2$. What was the mass of the original stack?

  A person of weight 480 Na kfr oyx1.q85k2 si6vmn r2d: stands on a scale in an elevator. What will the scale be reading when the elevator is accelerating downward2nfam orq2kxr168vd :.i 5ksy at $4.00 \; m/s^2$?

  A person on a scale rides in an elevator. If the mass of the p.v vtswzxmk9h6)m r8,b15 8lvcwhjf ;erson is 60.0 kg and the elevator accelerates downward with an accelemx.k9fm t)v,sczr1hvv8l j ; wh 56bw8ration of $4.90 \; m/s^2$, what is the reading on the scale?

  A person on a scale rides in an elevator. If the mass of the person is 60.0 kx)mgcoryu; v ))y )+kpg and the elevator accelerates upwuxr)pov )yc )k+ )ymg;ard with an acceleration of $4.90 \; m/s^2$, what is the reading on the scale?

  Two horizontal forces act on a 5.0-kg mass. One force has a magnitude o t wqn1i4dd-6ff 8.0 N and is directed due north. The second force toward the east has a magnwd- d 4tqfni61itude of 6.0 N. What is the acceleration of the mass?

  An object of mass 6000 kg rests on the flatbed of a truck. It is hmylj3file ogw m8fg;4czx 2, :ez 9l,;eld in place by metal brackets that can gezf8x w:e jo;m,lly, zc;92 lg3i 4fmexert a maximum horizontal force of 9000 N. When the truck is traveling 15 m/s, what is the minimum stopping distance if the load is not to slide forward into the cab?

  An object of mass 6000 kg rests on the flatbed of a truck. Ihs.h:g(q 8 n- bxzuuu,t is held in place by metal brackets that can exert a maximum horizontal ugn(, .qb suh-8xhu:zforce of 9000 N. When the truck is traveling 15 m/s, what is the minimum stopping time if the load is not to slide forward into the cab?

  In the Atwood machine shown in Fig. 4-1, if M = 0.60 kg and m = 0.40 kg wclt vi*d72 g 3ih,mw0pwes52ehk82l, what is the magnitude of the acceleration of the system? (Ignore friction and th3kigsl27w, 8 5hwiwcte0h ml*p2 d2ev e mass of the pulley.)

  In the Atwood machine shown in Fig. 4-1, if M = 0.60 kg and m = 0.40 kg, what isjwb(w7wutc-c.qaiqa(c , n - 8 the tension in the stcq b78.uwa n,cqtw(w- ai c(j-ring? (Ignore friction and the mass of the pulley.)

  A student pulls a box of books on a smooth horizontal floor with a force of 6hsi u77b6 kki6r9 kaj9lsp(o100 N ai7 isp 6(bo79kl sk66uhk9rjin a direction of $37^{\circ}$ above the horizontal. If the mass of the box and the books is 40.0 kg, what is the acceleration of the box?

  A student pulls a box of books on a smooth horizontal floor with a force of vt) +:p,jbh7yv:dw b ewh73uq100 N in a di tq ubw+,)vdp:hy v3: h7bwe7jrection of 37.0e above the horizontal. If the mass of the box and the books is 40.0 kg, what is the normal force on the box?

  A traffic light of weight 100 N is supported byk e9yhye8m c3w1n(4 zh two ropes as shown in Fig. 4-2. What are the tensionhmk chew34e18n zy(y9s in the ropes?

  In Fig. 4-2, if the tensions in the rohv)-f7eyj ub)k /4(n:pzog nm m7ux; xpes are 50 N, what is the mass of the traffic -mxz)/j;vfxn bepg 4ynom:u 7)u hk7 (light?

  Two boxes of masses m and 2m are in contact with egs5w(e4ab ol6:a)8lxc p ,wnwach other on a frictionless surface. (See Fig. 4-3.) What is the acceng w,) x (ab4llco8 awp65w:seleration of the more massive box?

  Two boxes of masses m and 2mbdlr -4b2tj sr:z: vvoz1kth4wb)5 / r are in contact with each other on a frictionless surface. (See Fig. 4-3.) What is the net jsv:r1z dtrzhbo/4)lkb5bt 4 r2: -wvforce on the more massive box?

  Two boxes of masses m and 2m are connected by a rope. (See Fig.hcw9 4:3vhn0u2jowaw;0 jhz q 4-4.) If the forward force on h:juqcznw4 ;392hwavw 00ohj the more massive box is F, what is the tension in the connecting rope?

  Two boxes of masses m and 2ofv ;taj/- 8d:j ni;pw3 0dizdzeqr,0 m are connected by a rope. (See Fig. 4-4.) If the forward force on the more massive box is F, what is the acceleri 8djrdv0/,nz; po0d e f;j qt:wi-a3zation of the less massive box?

Two boxes are connected by a cord 26k , vqlcttq3running over a pulley as shown in Fig. 4-5. Box 6 vcqqt23tk,l I of mass
8.0 kg rest on the top of the table; the coefficient of kinetic friction between box I and the table is 0.10. Box II has a mass of 15.0 kg.
(a) Draw the free-body diagrams for the two boxes, identifying all of the forces acting on each of the masses.
(b) Calculate the acceleration of the system.
(c) Calculate the tension in the cord.

  The coefficient of static and kinetic frictions between mls )l97lhxm vpq+ 27ne zo-v9a 3.0-kg box and a desk are 0.40 and 0.30, respectively. What is the net force on the box when a 15 N horizontal force is applied to the bme+ l v7)vs79q2zxplnh9lm- oox?

  The coefficients of static and kinetic fro8y hvq b9a(h;ictions for plastic on wood are 0.50 and 0.40h oyv89a; bqh(,
respectively. How much horizontal force would you need to apply to a 3.0 N plastic calculator to start it moving from rest?

  An object slides on a level surface in the +x direction. It slows a;9fa2+gh5,ekbn em w rnd comes to a stop with a constant accelera+b f r,w9a;5nee 2gmhktion of -$2.45 \; m/s^2$. What is the coefficient of kinetic friction between the object and the floor?

  A 10-kg box sitting on a horizontal surface is pulled by.haio,:5z)z s)h wc rt a 5.0-N force. A 3.0-N friction force retards the motion. What is the accelerz),o a .sih)th:rcz5wation of the object?

  A horizontal force of 5xfosnbs/+ e/0p : 0e7dwrfm2 s0,msqx.0 N accelerates a 4.0-kg mass, from rest, at a rate of $0.50 \; m/s^2$ in the positive direction. What friction force acts on the mass?

  During a hockey game, a puck is given 9zy 9+xkhz l;*nb3ei man initial speed of 10 m/s. It slides 50 m on the ek99 ;yx*+hbizznm3l ice before it stops. What is the coefficient of kinetic friction between the puck and the ice?

  During the investigation of a traffic acciden 9f2u3iyay 5yc,am)tv t, police find skid marks 90.0 m long. They determine the coefficient of friction between the car's tires and the roadway to be 0f yu yic593my 2,)aavt.500 for the prevailing conditions. Estimate the speed of the car when the brakes were applied.

  Two boxes of masses m and 3m are stacked. (See Fig. 4-6.) The surface betwe 63 luval1 no acxu5it3b)j,l1en the more massive box and the horizontal surface is smooth and the surface between the boxes is rough. If the less massive 1 3j x3anubv5,li)6ua1oltlcbox does not slide on the more massive box, what is the static friction force on the less massive box?

  Two boxes of masses m and 3m are stacked. (See Fig. 4-6.) The surfac-ej ue*ryh.i+oz(ttz0 ne 3b5e between the more massive box and the horizontal surface is smoothr in t0z.(5+tbjye eu-hzo3e * and the surface between the boxes is rough. If the less massive box does not slide on the more massive box, what is the coefficient of static friction between the boxes?

  An object is on a fricti u6-cwvug v2dpov8m (6onless inclined plane. The plane is inclined at an angle2 vv(pom6g8 vduuw6- c of $30^{\circ}$ with the horizontal. What is the object's acceleration?

  A 10-kg mass slides down a flat hill that makes an angle tgdkro,pg;sso*qx, 8,- t 8tsof $10^{\circ}$ with the horizontal. If friction is negligible, what is the resultant force on the sled?

  A mass is placed on a sm l- :v fcsbl ea ,db7ep6ip6(/vks7x.aooth inclined plane with an angle of $37^{\circ}$ to the horizontal. If the inclined plane is 5.0-m long, how long does it take for the mass to reach the bottom of the inclined plane after it is released from rest?

A block lies on a smooth inclined p/sg*syg3ois(ditm/(1 ardj 9lane tilted at an angle of $35^{\circ}$ to the horizontal.
(a) Draw the free-body diagram for the block.
(b) Determine the block's acceleration as it slides down the inclined plane.
(c) If the block started from rest 8.5 m up the incline from its base, determine the block's speed when it reaches the bottom of the incline.
(d) How long did it take the block to reach the bottom of the inclined plane?

  A wooden block slides directly down an inclined plane, at a constant veloc s7gvyc) a,/fbity of 6.agv)7 fb /syc,0 m/s.
What is the coefficient of kinetic friction, if the plane makes an angle of $25^{\circ}$ with the horizontal?

  An object with a mass m slides doru1-gu8k fg( u *7 fyg7bvwev;5kwt6t wn a rough $37^{\circ}$ inclined plane where the coefficient of kinetic friction is 0.20. What is the acceleration of the object?

  An object with a mass m slides down a ro ir 2syo:/mar;ugh $37^{\circ}$ inclined plane where the coefficient of kinetic friction is 0.20. If the plane is 10 m long and the mass starts from rest, what will be its speed at the bottom of the plane?

  A bulldozer drags a log weighing 500 N along a rough su,um tthb+ x)yg ky*-4grface. The cable attachedykmht, ) g4 *+y-ubgxt to the log makes an angle of $30.0^{\circ}$ with the ground. The coefficient of static friction between the log and the ground is 0.500. What minimum tension is required in the cable in order for the log to begin to move?

A 25.0-kg box is released from rest on a c6 n:q 3(h(qnawy9- imc e7qjnrough inclined plane tilted at an angle ojh9y i-(6c7cn n(qq:e qwanm 3f $33.5^{\circ}$ to the horizontal. The coefficient of kinetic friction between the box and the inclined plane is 0.200.
(a) Draw the free-body diagram for the box.
(b) Determine the force of kinetic friction acting on the box.
(c) Determine the acceleration of the box as it slides down the inclined plane.

  An object is placed on an inclined plane. The angle of incline is g322od if.:s w4jnhc kcradually increased until the object begins422c.i d:cnsw kjof3h to slide. The angle at which this occurs is q. What is the coefficient of static friction between the object and the plane?